Certified Quality Auditor (CQA) Prasctice Exam

How is a frequency distribution best described?

1. A graph for presenting data along a scale of reference and the number of times each item occurs

2. A time-ordered chart of subgroup averages and control limits

3. A plot of the probability of accepting a hypothesis when it is actually false

4. A graph indicating the difference between an actual value and its predicted value

The correct answer is: A graph for presenting data along a scale of reference and the number of times each item occurs

A frequency distribution is best described as a graph that presents data along a scale of reference, depicting the number of times each item or value occurs. This is fundamental in statistics as it allows for a clear visualization of how often each category or range of values appears in a data set. By using a frequency distribution, one can easily identify patterns, trends, and the overall shape of the distribution (e.g., whether it is symmetrical, skewed, etc.). The other options do not accurately reflect the concept of frequency distribution. A time-ordered chart of subgroup averages and control limits refers to control charts, which are used in statistical process control. A plot of the probability of accepting a hypothesis when it is false describes a Type II error in hypothesis testing, while a graph indicating the difference between actual values and predicted values pertains to residuals in regression analysis. These concepts are distinct from frequency distributions, highlighting why the first choice is the most appropriate.